What is CSS?
CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is a language used to describe the presentation (look and feel) of a web page written in HTML. CSS allows you to control the layout, colors, fonts, and overall appearance of a website. It separates content from design, making it easier to maintain the look of a site.
Structure of CSS
CSS consists of selectors and rules. The selector targets the HTML element(s) you want to style, and the rule defines what the style should be.
A basic CSS rule looks like this:
selector {
property: value;
}
h1, p, div).color, font-size).red, 16px).Example: Building a Simple Web Page with CSS
Below is an example of an HTML document styled with CSS.
1. HTML Structure (index.html)
html<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>My CSS Example</title>
<!-- Link to the external CSS file -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css">
</head>
<body>
<header>
<h1>Welcome to My Website</h1>
</header>
<nav>
<ul>
<li><a href="#home">Home</a></li>
<li><a href="#about">About</a></li>
<li><a href="#contact">Contact</a></li>
</ul>
</nav>
<section id="home">
<h2>Home Section</h2>
<p>This is the home section of the webpage.</p>
</section>
<section id="about">
<h2>About Section</h2>
<p>Here, you will learn more about this website and its purpose.</p>
</section>
<footer>
<p>© 2024 My Website</p>
</footer>
</body>
</html>
2. CSS Styling (styles.css)
css/* Global styles */body {
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
background-color: #f0f0f0;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
/* Header styling */
header {
background-color: #4CAF50;
color: white;
text-align: center;
padding: 20px;
}
/* Navigation bar styling */
nav {
background-color: #333;
padding: 10px;
}
nav ul {
list-style-type: none;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
nav ul li {
display: inline;
margin-right: 20px;
}
nav ul li a {
color: white;
text-decoration: none;
font-weight: bold;
}
/* Section styling */
section {
margin: 20px;
padding: 20px;
background-color: white;
border-radius: 8px;
box-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}
section h2 {
color: #4CAF50;
}
/* Footer styling */
footer {
background-color: #333;
color: white;
text-align: center;
padding: 10px;
position: absolute;
bottom: 0;
width: 100%;
}
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