What is primary memory? Explain the functions of primary memory.

Primary memory, also known as main memory or RAM (Random Access Memory), is a type of computer memory that is used to store data and instructions that the central processing unit (CPU) needs to access immediately. It is a volatile memory, meaning that its contents are lost when the computer is turned off.  

Functions of primary memory:

1. Data Storage: Primary memory stores data that the CPU needs to process, such as numbers, text, images, and instructions.
2. Instruction Storage: It also stores the instructions that the CPU needs to execute.
3. Temporary Storage: Primary memory acts as a temporary storage area for data that is being processed by the CPU.
4. Communication: It facilitates communication between the CPU and other components of the computer system.

Key characteristics of primary memory:

• Volatile: Its contents are lost when the computer is turned off.
• Random Access: Any memory location can be accessed directly, without having to access previous locations.
• Faster Access: Compared to secondary memory, primary memory has faster access times, which is essential for efficient computer operation.
• Limited Capacity: Primary memory typically has a limited capacity compared to secondary memory.

In summary, primary memory is a crucial component of a computer system, providing the CPU with immediate access to data and instructions. Its speed and random access capabilities are essential for efficient computer operation.