10. What were the contributions of Blaise Pascal in the development of automatic computation?

Blaise Pascal made significant contributions to the development of automatic computation with his invention of the Pascaline. This mechanical calculator, created in 1642, was one of the earliest adding machines.

Here are some of Pascal's key contributions:

• Mechanical Addition and Subtraction: The Pascaline could perform addition and subtraction operations using a series of interconnected gears.
• Improvements in Efficiency: Pascal's design was more efficient than previous calculating devices, making it easier to use and more accurate.
• Foundation for Future Developments: The Pascaline laid the groundwork for future developments in mechanical calculators and computing devices.

Pascal's work on the Pascaline was a crucial step in the evolution of automatic computation, paving the way for later advancements such as Charles Babbage's Difference Engine and Analytical Engine.